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Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is an inflammatory condition that commonly affects older adults, causing severe pain and stiffness in the muscles of the pelvic and shoulder girdles. PMR is frequently associated with temporal arteritis (TA; also known as giant cell arteritis).
Approximately 10% of patients with PMR develop temporal arteritis, while 50 to 60% of patients who have TA also suffer from PMR. The cause of these conditions is unknown, but both disorders elicit a similar syndrome of systemic inflammation.
Because there is so much clinical and pathophysiologic overlap between PMR and TA (similar immune-cell reactivity and serologic markers), many authorities consider these two conditions to be different phases of the same disorder. (The Merck Manual, 18th Edition 2006:278-279)